As a part of a phd project I am in the process of investigating
how or if I can supply qualitative data from music therapy sessions with quantitative
data by measuring activity in the autonome nervoussystem during music therapy
sessions. Participants in the pdh project is forensic psychiatric patients
with schizophrenia and a low functional level.
In the litteratur search in this field I have found the below
mentioned article informative http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2756702/
The article describes different variables in the autonomic
nervous system and how they show different reactions in the autonome nervous
system. Reactions in the Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) primarily shows arousal
reactions in the sympathetic nervous system.
Whereas Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is important when you want to measure
reactions in the parasympathetic nervous system.
Because the patients I want to include in the phd project
is very vulnerable it is important to find a measurement tool which impact on
the patient is as little as possible and creates as few bias as possible. GSR is
possible to measure by an armband from Sensewear : http://sensewear.bodymedia.com/
Some patients
in forensic psychiatry has tried them
out, and some patients forgets they are wearing this armband, others react
with bodily sensations and paranoia. It helps to use very simple explanations
as “This armband measure bodily reactions to music either of becoming exalted
or relaxed when you listen to music”
But is GSR a
suitable measurement for reactions in the autonome nervous system in forensic
psychiatric patients with schizophrenia ? GSR measures arousal and shows
reactions in the sympathetic nervous system . In my phd project I want to find
out how the patients are capable of calming down an regulate arousal. This
regulation happens through activity in the parasympathetic nervous system.
Activity in the parasympathetic nervous system can be derived by data from
Sensewear measurements, but is not a direct measure of activity in the
parasympathetic nervous system.
I have been in contact with different
persons interested in the Polyvagale theory of Porges (Porges 2001) and
through that found measurement tools to measure Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
The analysis of HRV data reflects the balance between parasympathetic and
sympathetic nervoussystem. Flemming
Kærby who is a psychotherapist and cand.scient in fysiological biochemistry
has been teaching doctors in how stresshormons affects the human body. He is very
interested in the polyvagal theory, and has used measurement of HRV directly
in Trauma therapy. In the article mentioned below he describes how he used
measurement of HRV in Trauma Therapy: http://www.seforeningen.dk/files/articlefiles/Bibliotek/Offentligeartikler/FYSIOLOGISK-TEORI/kaereby_psykofysiologisk_traumeterapi_%203_2010.pdf
Flemming
Kæreby used the Emwave measurement tools http://www.heartmathstore.com/category/emwave-desktop/emwave-desktop-anxiety-relief&source=heartmath-emwavetech&kw=desktopnav
Flemming
Kæreby comment on the use of Em-wave that it cannot measure frequencies
higher than 0.26 Hz. The ventrale nervus vagus is essential accordingly to
measure parasympathetic reactions, and activity in the ventrale nervus vagus
might show frequencies as high as 0,4 Hz.
The company called MindWare uses
Porge´s matematic analyse program in their measurement tools, but it is very
expensive.
By using
Emwave you place a sensor at the earflip or on a fingertip, and is also not very
invasive, and therefore might be usefull in my phd project, with very
vulnerable forensic psychiatric patients with schizophrenia.
The company called MindWare uses
Porge´s matematic analyse program in their measurement tools, but it is very
expensive.
Britta
Frederiksen,
Music
therapist, Ph.D student at the Music therapy Phd Programme, Department of
Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University
Litt:
Porges , S.W.
(2001) The polyvagale theory: Phylogenetic substrates of a social nervosus
system International journal of
Psychophysiology, 42:123-146
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mandag den 11. juni 2012
How to measure emotional reactions in forensic psychiatric patients with schizophrenia - focusing on Galvanic Skin Response og Heart Rate Variability ?
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